series 66 uniform combined state law exam complete study guide

Last Updated: April 2025

The FINRA Series 66 exam is a crucial step for financial professionals seeking to advance their careers in investment advising and securities. As a comprehensive qualification test, it combines elements of the Series 63 and Series 65 exams, covering essential regulatory and financial concepts. Candidates often have a range of questions as they prepare for this exam, from understanding its difficulty level to exploring career prospects and retake policies. This article aims to address the most commonly asked questions about the Series 66 exam to help you navigate your preparation and career path with confidence.

What is the FINRA Series 66 exam?

The FINRA Series 66 exam, officially known as the Uniform Combined State Law Examination, is designed for individuals seeking to qualify as investment advisor representatives. It combines elements from the Series 63 and Series 65 exams to test knowledge on state laws and regulations, investment vehicles, ethics, and fiduciary responsibilities. Passing this exam is a requirement for those who want to act as both securities agents and investment advisor representatives.

How many questions are on the Series 66 exam?

The Series 66 exam consists of 100 multiple-choice questions. These questions are designed to assess your understanding of regulatory requirements, investment products, and ethical standards relevant to state law and investment advising.

What is the passing score for the Series 66 exam?

To pass the Series 66 exam, you must achieve a minimum score of 73%. This means you need to correctly answer at least 73 out of the 100 questions. Scoring above this threshold demonstrates your proficiency in the topics covered on the exam.

How long is the Series 66 exam?

The Series 66 exam is administered over a period of 150 minutes (2.5 hours). During this time, candidates are expected to complete all 100 questions. It is important to manage your time effectively to ensure you can answer all questions within the allotted time.

What topics are covered on the Series 66 exam?

The Series 66 exam covers a range of topics including regulatory framework, ethical practices, investment products and strategies, state laws, and fiduciary responsibilities. Key areas include the Uniform Securities Act, investment advisor regulations, and various financial products such as securities, mutual funds, and annuities.

How difficult is the Series 66 exam?

The difficulty of the Series 66 exam varies by individual, but it is generally considered challenging due to its comprehensive coverage of both state laws and investment regulations. Success often depends on thorough preparation and a solid understanding of the material. Candidates who have a background in finance or investment typically find the exam more manageable.

How much time should I allocate for studying for the Series 66 exam?

On average, candidates should allocate around 60 to 100 hours for studying for the Series 66 exam. This includes reviewing study materials, taking practice exams, and understanding key concepts. The exact time needed can vary based on your prior knowledge and experience in the field.

What study materials are recommended for the Series 66 exam?

Recommended study materials for the Series 66 exam include comprehensive study guides, online courses, practice exams, and flashcards. Providers like Kaplan, STC, and Wiley offer specialized materials. Using multiple sources and methods can help reinforce your understanding and improve your performance.

Are there any practice exams available for the Series 66?

Yes, practice exams are widely available for the Series 66. These practice tests simulate the format and difficulty of the actual exam, helping you gauge your readiness. Many study material providers include practice exams as part of their packages, and additional practice tests can be found online.

Can I take the Series 66 exam online?

No, the Series 66 exam must be taken in person at a designated testing center. The exam is administered by FINRA through Pearson VUE, and you need to schedule your test at one of their locations. Online proctoring is not currently offered for this exam.

What is the cost to take the Series 66 exam?

The cost to take the Series 66 exam is $195. This fee is payable to FINRA and covers the registration and examination administration. Be sure to check for any additional fees or requirements set by your testing center.

How often can I retake the Series 66 exam if I fail?

If you fail the Series 66 exam, you can retake it. However, you must wait 30 days before attempting the exam again. There is no limit to the number of times you can retake the exam, but each attempt requires a new registration and payment of the exam fee.

What are the consequences of failing the Series 66 exam?

Failing the Series 66 exam means you need to retake the exam to meet the qualification requirements. It may delay your ability to start or continue working as an investment advisor representative. Multiple failures might require additional study and preparation to increase your chances of passing on subsequent attempts.

How long do I need to wait before retaking the Series 66 exam?

You must wait at least 30 days before retaking the Series 66 exam. This waiting period allows you time to review the material and improve your understanding of the exam content before attempting it again.

Are there any prerequisites for taking the Series 66 exam?

There are no formal prerequisites for the Series 66 exam itself, but it is recommended that candidates have a basic understanding of securities and investment principles. Often, candidates take the Series 7 exam before the Series 66, as it covers similar material and provides a strong foundation.

What is the format of the Series 66 exam (multiple-choice, essay, etc.)?

The Series 66 exam is entirely multiple-choice. Each question has four possible answers, and you must select the correct one. This format tests your knowledge across a wide range of topics related to state laws and investment advisory services.

What is the best way to prepare for the Series 66 exam?

The best way to prepare for the Series 66 exam is to use a combination of study methods. This includes reviewing comprehensive study guides, taking practice exams, and using flashcards to reinforce key concepts. Consistent study and understanding the exam format will enhance your preparation and confidence.

How can I stay updated on changes to the Series 66 exam content?

To stay updated on changes to the Series 66 exam content, regularly check the FINRA website and other regulatory bodies for updates. Subscribe to industry newsletters and review materials from reputable exam prep providers, as they often update their content to reflect the latest changes.

What are the career prospects after passing the Series 66 exam?

Passing the Series 66 exam opens up various career opportunities in financial advising and investment management. You can work as an investment advisor representative, financial planner, or securities broker, among other roles. It can also lead to increased job prospects and career advancement in the financial industry.

How does the Series 66 exam affect my ability to practice as a financial advisor?

The Series 66 exam is crucial for becoming a licensed investment advisor representative. Passing the exam allows you to provide investment advice and manage client portfolios legally. It also enhances your credibility and compliance with state regulations, which is essential for practicing as a financial advisor.

Are there any alternative certifications to the Series 66 exam?

Yes, alternatives to the Series 66 include the Series 65 exam, which is also for investment advisor representatives, and the Series 7 exam combined with a Series 63 exam, which covers similar material. These alternatives might be chosen based on specific career goals and regulatory requirements.

How does the Series 66 exam compare to the Series 7 exam?

The Series 66 exam focuses on investment advisor regulations and state laws, whereas the Series 7 exam covers a broader range of securities products and trading. The Series 66 is often taken after the Series 7, as it complements the Series 7 knowledge with a focus on advisory practices and fiduciary responsibilities.

Can I use a calculator during the Series 66 exam?

No, calculators are not permitted during the Series 66 exam. The exam is designed to test your knowledge and understanding without the aid of a calculator, so it’s important to be comfortable with mental calculations and financial concepts.

What identification do I need to bring to the testing center for the Series 66 exam?

You need to bring a valid, government-issued photo ID to the testing center, such as a driver’s license or passport. The ID must include your name, photograph, and signature. Additionally, check the specific requirements from your testing center to ensure you have all necessary documentation.

How is the Series 66 exam scored?

The Series 66 exam is scored based on the number of correct answers. The raw score is converted to a scaled score to account for differences in exam difficulty. A passing score is 73%, which reflects your ability to apply the knowledge and skills required for investment advisory services.

How long does it take to receive the results of the Series 66 exam?

You will receive your Series 66 exam results immediately upon completing the test. The results are provided on the computer screen at the testing center, and official results are sent to you by mail or electronically, depending on your registration preferences.

What are common study mistakes to avoid for the Series 66 exam?

Common study mistakes include relying too heavily on one source of material, neglecting to practice with sample questions, and not managing study time effectively. It’s important to use diverse study materials, take practice exams regularly, and create a structured study plan to cover all topics thoroughly.

Can I use study groups to prepare for the Series 66 exam?

Yes, study groups can be a valuable resource for preparing for the Series 66 exam. They provide opportunities to discuss complex topics, share study materials, and gain different perspectives. However, it’s important to ensure that the study group is focused and that all members are committed to effective preparation.

What are some tips for managing exam stress for the Series 66?

To manage exam stress, practice regular study habits, take breaks, and use relaxation techniques such as deep breathing or meditation. Additionally, simulate exam conditions with practice tests to build confidence and familiarity. Proper preparation and a positive mindset can significantly reduce stress and improve performance.

How does passing the Series 66 exam impact my employment opportunities?

Passing the Series 66 exam enhances your employment opportunities by qualifying you to work as an investment advisor representative. It demonstrates your expertise and compliance with regulatory requirements, making you more attractive to potential employers and clients in the financial services industry.

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